This article discusses the Canadian government's approach to human trafficking since the adoption of the UN Trafficking Protocol in 2000. The authors begin with an overview of the Trafficking Protocol and analyze Canada's efforts in three areas: prevention of human trafficking, protection of trafficking victims and prosecution of traffickers. They argue that while the Canadian government has made significant progress since 2000, greater legislative measures are necessary to protect and promote the human rights of trafficked individuals, who are often treated as criminals.