This discussion paper addresses the international Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS and the growing concern about the spread of HIV/AIDS and its relation to human rights violations and gender inequality. The paper provides a summary of the progress since the signing of the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS and indicates strategies that need to be implemented to combat the epidemic: promoting human rights and gender equality, reducing vulnerability of displaced and trafficked persons, and ensuring the full participation of people with HIV/AIDS in policy implementation.