While Canada is a member of the Organization of American States, it has not ratified the Inter-American Convention on Human Rights (ACHR). However, this article sets out to analyze whether existing Canadian criminal law is in conformity with the obligations set out in the ACHR. The article proceeds comparatively, teasing out the relationship between the particular substantive human rights obligations of the ACHR that relate to the criminal process with the corresponding rights and protections guaranteed by Canadian law.