This article assesses the impact of NAFTA on women workers, focusing on the garment industry in Ontario, Canada, and the maquiladoras industry in Mexico. The author traces the restructuring of the textile and manufacturing industry in Canada as a result of NAFTA and discusses how this has led to job reductions, depressed wages and working conditions for women. She then reviews policies adopted by the Mexican government aimed at inserting Mexico into the global economy and the resulting shifts in labour patterns within the maquiladoras in terms of both work structure and gender composition.