THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS

While domestic violence is not explicitly mentioned in CEDAW, General Recommendation 19 from the CEDAW Committee has brought domestic violence within CEDAW's scope. Focusing on eleven Western European Countries (Luxembourg, Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, Finland, Germany, Belgium, Spain, Ireland, Italy), the author examines the Committees responses to each country's efforts to prevent violence against women. The author argues that the responses show that the domestic efforts have been inconsistent and that where there has been success, it is not necessarily caused by

This article examines how international law regarding sexual violence and armed conflict has developed significantly since the 1990s. Rape and sexual violence was commonplace during conflict in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries and most recently has been used in Darfur, Sudan and in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Both the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda and the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia started momentum for the prosecution of sexual violence and rape in armed conflict.