This article examines the role of CEDAW and its potential power as a treaty monitoring body in increasing access to modern contraception. The author points out that while modern contraception has been widely recognized as a reproductive right under international human rights law, unmet needs for it remain high, particularly in developing countries. The author draws on empirical research, the example of CEDAW’s influence on abortion rights, and the domestic politics theory of treaty compliance to centre CEDAW as a potential changemaker. The author argues that in certain conditions, CEDAW can pressure member states to reduce unmet needs by mobilizing domestic actors to influence national policies, laws, and investments aimed at increasing access to contraception. Finally, the author highlights specific CEDAW enforcement mechanisms that are especially effective and argues that the body should focus its attention on Sierra Leone and Haiti in particular due to their high unmet needs for contraception and high maternal mortality rate.