This comment discusses rape in Bosnia and the response of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY). It explores the impact of the new "gender consciousness" on the personnel, structure and procedure of rape prosecution and assesses women's place in international humanitarian law. After a brief overview of the conflict in the region (Section I), the comment turns to an analysis of the information available on the systematic mass rapes perpetrated by Bosnian Serbs against Bosnian Muslims (Section II).